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9 Things New Investors Should Know about Opening a Brokerage Account

Here’s what every new investor needs to know before opening a brokerage account.

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Updated Oct. 17, 2024
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For new investors, opening a brokerage account is a critical first step toward building wealth and getting ahead financially. But with so many options and details to consider, it can feel overwhelming.

Fortunately, these tips can guide you through the process so that you can start investing confidently and avoid any surprises along the way.

Here are nine important things every new investor should know about opening a brokerage account.

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What is a brokerage account?

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A brokerage account is an account that allows you to buy and sell investments such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and exchange-traded funds (ETFs).

Essentially, the account serves as a vehicle to access the stock market and other types of assets. Unlike retirement accounts, brokerage accounts do not provide the perk of tax-deferred growth. But they can offer more flexibility.

For example, there are no annual contribution limits with a brokerage account, and you might have a greater range of investment choices than you would find in a 401(k).

Most brokerage accounts allow you to trade online, and many also provide access to research, financial tools, and advisory services.

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Fees and rules vary, so shop around

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Not all brokerage accounts are created equal. Different brokerages have varying fee structures, including transaction fees, account maintenance fees, and sometimes commissions for trades.

In addition, there may be other stipulations. Before choosing a brokerage, compare different platforms to see which offers the best combination of low fees, useful tools, and services.

Make sure to read the fine print so that you avoid wasting money on unnecessary costs.

Some brokerages have minimum balance requirements

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Not all brokerage accounts are accessible unless you make a minimum initial investment. Some require a specific amount of money to open an account or to avoid ongoing maintenance fees. These minimums can vary depending on the brokerage.

For investors just getting started, it’s crucial to check if a brokerage account has these balance requirements. That way, you will know how much money you need to begin investing.

Get a free stock valued between $5 to $200

Secret: You don't need thousands of dollars to buy thousand-dollar stocks or create a diverse portfolio.

Robinhood offers a method of investing called “fractional shares.” On its own, one share of a single stock could cost a lot of money, making it difficult to diversify. Robinhood allows you to buy pieces of stock instead, so you have the option to build a diverse portfolio quickly.

Let’s say you want to invest $250, as an example.

With that amount, you could build a relatively diverse portfolio with an investment of $50 in a big tech stock, $50 in a retail stock, $50 in an energy stock, $50 in a manufacturing stock, and $50 in a bank.1

Even better news? Add a Robinhood Gold membership, and you’ll get access to 5.00% APY2on your uninvested cash3and the ability to buy and sell stocks 24 hours a day, 5 days a week.

Open and fund a Robinhood account and earn up to $200 in stock

Brokerage accounts can offer more flexibility than retirement plans

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Unlike retirement accounts, brokerage accounts are not subject to the same rules regarding when you can withdraw money. You can access funds at any time, which makes them an attractive option for those looking for more liquidity.

Unlike retirement accounts, brokerage accounts do not have annual contribution limits. This added flexibility is particularly helpful if you are planning to use investments for near-term goals, like buying a home or funding education.

You will have to pay taxes on gains

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When you make money on investments in a brokerage account and sell for a profit, the IRS will tax you on the capital gains. This is different from retirement accounts such as 401(k)s and IRAs, where taxes are often deferred until you withdraw the money.

Short-term capital gains — charged on investments held for one year or less — are typically taxed at a higher rate than long-term capital gains, which are charged on investments held for more than a year.

It's important to keep track of your transactions and understand how your investments will be taxed so that you can plan accordingly.

Opening a brokerage account is easy

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Opening a brokerage account has never been easier. Many online brokerages allow you to sign up within minutes by filling out a simple application form.

You will need to provide some basic information — such as your Social Security number, income details, and employment information — but the process is generally straightforward.

Once approved, you can fund the account and start investing. Some brokerages may even offer step-by-step guides and educational resources to help new investors get started.

You can buy and sell online

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One of the biggest benefits of having a brokerage account is the ability to trade online. Most modern brokerage accounts come with user-friendly platforms where you can research, buy, and sell stocks, ETFs, and other investments with just a few clicks.

This convenience makes it easy to monitor your portfolio and make adjustments as needed. Whether you are buying stocks or selling shares, the online trading feature allows you to have control over investments from your own computer or smartphone.

Robo-advisor platforms might offer extra help

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If you are new to investing and unsure about managing a portfolio on your own, consider a robo-advisor. These automated platforms use algorithms that help you build and manage a diversified portfolio based on your risk tolerance and financial goals.

Robo-advisors typically come with lower fees than traditional financial advisors, making them an attractive option for beginners who want guidance without the high costs. Many brokerages offer robo-advisor options alongside traditional trading platforms, allowing you to get started even if you are not ready to make decisions on your own.

If you want 'human help,' consider a full-service brokerage

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For those who prefer more personalized guidance, full-service brokerages such as Edward Jones, Fidelity, Morgan Stanley, and Vanguard provide access to professional financial advisors.

These advisors can help you build a comprehensive investment strategy, tailor your portfolio to your specific goals, and provide ongoing support. While full-service brokerages sometimes come with higher fees compared to discount or online brokers, they can be worth it for investors who want hands-on help.

Earn up to a $300 bonus and grow your money with up to 4.20% APY

This powerful combination checking + savings account from SoFi® allows you to earn up to a $300 bonus with direct deposit and grow your money with up to 4.20% APY.4

This is one of the top accounts we’ve seen, and offers like this can be rare. You work hard, and now it’s time to make your money work for you — with SoFi, you can grow your money with hardly any effort!

SoFi has no account or overdraft fees5 and additional FDIC insurance up to $2 million on deposits is available through a seamless network of participating banks.67 Plus, you can receive your paycheck up to 2 days early.8

How to earn up to $300: Sign up and make a direct deposit within the first 25 calendar days of the promotional period, then collect a $300 cash bonus with a direct deposit of $5,000 or more.

SoFi is a Member, FDIC. 7

Open your SoFi account and set up direct deposit

Bottom line

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Opening a brokerage account is an essential first step for new investors, but there are a lot of factors to consider before diving in.

From understanding fees and tax implications to deciding between DIY trading and robo-advisors, the right choice will depend on your financial goals and preferences.

The most important thing is to start investing early and regularly so that you can take advantage of compound growth over time.

Masterworks Benefits

  • Invest in art like a millionaire for a relatively low cost
  • Art investments have outperformed the S&P 500 by over 131% for 26 years
  • Purchase shares of artwork by top artists
  • Hedge against inflation and diversify your portfolio